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Certain specimens of the endangered Asian arowana have fetched up to $300k at auction. How did a fish become a status symbol?
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The crazy market for the world’s most expensive pet fish
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Certain specimens of the endangered Asian arowana have fetched up to $300k at auction. How did a fish become a status symbol?
</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 120%; margin: 0; padding-bottom: 24px;">
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BY
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Zachary Crockett
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On a foggy morning in February 2017, federal agents in an unmarked car pulled over a white Toyota Corolla in Orange County, California.
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Guns at the ready, they cautiously approached the vehicle.
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In the driver’s seat
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sat
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Shawn Lee, a 29-year-old clad in a black baseball cap. As the agents drew closer, they could see that he was cradling a large plastic bag.
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Inside this bag was the subject of the manhunt. It wasn’t a brick of heroin, an illicit firearm, or a bundle of dirty money.
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“What’ve you got in there?” one of the agents asked.
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“Fish,” said Lee.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
And not just any fish: 8 writhing Asian arowana — the world’s most valuable aquarium pet.
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<img alt="Asian Arowana" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252FAsian_arowana.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
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Asian arowana retrieved from a sting operation in Orange County, California, in 2017. (US Fish and Wildlife Service, via court filings)
</p>
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An endangered species in the wild, the Asian arowana is illegal to import, sell, and, in most cases, own in the US.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Every now and again, tales like Lee’s will surface in the news, shedding light on a bizarro black market.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
But elsewhere in the world, the fish is a highly coveted (and perfectly legal) luxury good. They’re prized by Yakuza gang members in Japan, business magnates in China, and superfish collectors in Europe — and a single prime specimen can
<strong>
cost more than a Ferrari
</strong>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
How did this fish become such a hot commodity? Who controls the market? And why is it illegal on US soil?
</p>
<h4 style="font-size: 17px; height: 100%; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding-top: 8px;">
<strong>
How a swampy creature became swanky
</strong>
</h4>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
For centuries, the Asian arowana was nothing more than a meal foraged from the blackwater rivers and swamps of Southeast Asia.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Aside from local markets in Malaysia, the fish wasn’t widely traded — and it certainly wasn’t desirable, or even recognizable, to most foreign aquarium enthusiasts.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Then, in 1975, everything changed.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
As Southeast Asia’s wetland habitats declined, Asian arowana began to dwindle in number.
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
CITES
</u>
</a>
, a treaty that limits the trafficking of endangered wildlife, classified the Asian arowana as a threatened species.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
The move was meant to ban commercial trade of the fish.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
But according to
<strong>
Emily Voigt
</strong>
, who spent nearly a decade tracking down the story of the Asian arowana for her book,
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
<em>
The Dragon Behind the Glass
</em>
</u>
</a>
, it ended up having
<em>
exactly the opposite
</em>
effect.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“That official stamp of rarity totally backfired,” she tells
<em>
The Hustle
</em>
. “And it actually turned the fish into this limited edition luxury good.”
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252F20k.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
An arowana bought by Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at a price of 200m rupiah ($20k USD) swims during an exhibition in Jakarta in 2008. (ADEK BERRY/AFP/Getty Images)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Malaysian smugglers began sneaking Asian arowana into Taiwan. From there, the fish found its way to Japan, where it became a
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Veblen good
</u>
</a>
among Yakuza gang members.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In a bid to dampen this illicit trade, CITIES allowed farmers in Southeast Asia to legally breed, harvest, and sell Asian arowana. The logic was that a flood of new fish would drive down prices and make them a less desirable commodity.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
But once again, things went off the deep end.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Over the ensuing decades, hundreds of arowana farms popped up throughout Indonesia and Malaysia and the fish all but disappeared from the wild.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Today, the Asian arowana’s largest market is in China.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Dubbed the “dragon fish” due to its shiny scales, long whiskers, and fierce disposition, the arowana has taken on a spiritual
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
aura
</u>
</a>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“It has become this mystical creature that supposedly protects you and helps you make good business decisions,”Voigt tells
<em>
The Hustle
</em>
. “It’s thought to bring wealth and prosperity. There are even accounts of arowana leaping out of their tanks to warn of a bad omen.”
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Owners will go above and beyond to keep their fish aesthetically pleasing.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Dedicated “
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
fish beauticians
</u>
</a>
run profitable businesses performing
<strong>
plastic surgery
</strong>
on fish. In a bid to flaunt the most beautiful specimen, owners give their pets eye lifts ($90), chin jobs ($60), and tail alterations ($60).
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="performing surgery" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Fsurgery.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
Gong Hengliang, who has been a “fish beautician” for 4 years, performs cosmetic surgery on an Asian arowana fish in 2020 in Lanzhou, China. (Photo by Gao Zhan/China News Service via Getty Images)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
This fanaticism has turned farm-bred Asian arowana (which are legal in most countries) into an estimated
<strong>
$200m/year global market
</strong>
.
</p>
<h4 style="font-size: 17px; height: 100%; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding-top: 8px;">
<strong>
The $300k fish
</strong>
</h4>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In the mid-1980s, an Indonesian printing executive named Tris Tanoto quit his job and bought 12 Asian Arowana for $170.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
With help from friends, he bought a small farm in East Jakarta, released the fish in a pond on the property, and, through trial and error, taught himself the art of breeding.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Today, Tanoto’s operation is one of at least
<strong>
250
</strong>
CITES-approved Asian arowana farms across Southeast Asia, the majority of which are centered in Indonesia and Malaysia.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
His company,
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
PT Munjul Prima Utama
</u>
</a>
, is one of Indonesia’s largest exporters of Asian arowana — particularly, the “Super Red,” a bright crimson varietal that is highly desirable to Chinese buyers, who view the color red as a representation of vitality and good fortune.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="fish farms" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Ffarming.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
Scenes from Tanoto’s farm in Indonesia. (Images via Toro Tanoto)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Each year, the company sells around
<strong>
1k
</strong>
of its 7k stock of Asian arowana, netting
<strong>
~$3m USD in annual revenue
</strong>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
This works out to
<strong>
$3k per fish
</strong>
on average, but prices can vary tremendously based on a variety of factors:
</p>
<ul style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 12px;">
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
<strong>
Coloration:
</strong>
The fish can be found in red, green, gold, and silver variations. But a market has emerged for “designer-bred” colors like Red Tail Golden Splendor, Violet Fusion Super Red, and Blue Base Golden.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
<strong>
Pedigree
</strong>
: Fish bred from earlier generations of wild-caught arowana tend to fetch higher prices.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
<strong>
Fin size and head shape
</strong>
: Larger dorsal fins up the price.
</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Tanoto sells 8 varieties of Asian arowana, ranging in price from $1.2k to $5.5k. Once, he says he sold a “flawless” Super Red to a buyer in China for
<strong>
$30k
</strong>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Extremely rare Asian arowana can fetch up to
<strong>
10x
</strong>
that amount.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
A breeder in Malaysia who specializes in albino Asian arowana,
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
purportedly
</u>
</a>
sold one of his stock to a high-ranking member of the Chinese Communist Party for
<strong>
$300k
</strong>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Some of these farms are so lucrative that they’re publicly traded corporations.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In her
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
book
</u>
</a>
, Voigt tells the story of
<strong>
Kenny Yap
</strong>
(AKA, “Kenny the Fish”), a 55-year-old ex-pig farmer who — when not taking nude photos with his fish — runs Singapore’s largest arowana farm.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Yap’s company,
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Qian Hu
</u>
</a>
, distributes fish to 80 countries, has 5 global export hubs, and is listed on the Singapore Exchange. In 2019, the firm sold ~
<strong>
$30m worth of fish
</strong>
and spawned more than 7k Asian arowana. (You can take a peek at the
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
annual report here
</u>
</a>
.)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Fkenny.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
Kenny the Fish takes dip with his arowana (Qian Hu)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
This potential for big paydays makes the trade extremely competitive — and often dangerous — for farm owners like the Tanotos.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“Competition is fierce and very unhealthy,” Tris’ son and business partner, Toro, tells
<em>
The Hustle
</em>
via email. “There have been a lot of frauds using our company's name, both locally and globally. They pretend to be us and send fake Arowana photos to global customers on social media.”
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Voigt says it’s not uncommon to hear tales of arowana-related sabotage, theft, and even murder. She calls the fish “an agent of chaos.”
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In 2004, a Malaysian shop owner was killed by thieves who were after his trove of 20+ Asian arowana. Armed robberies are frequent — and breeders often secure their lots with concrete walls, barbed wire, watch towers, and dogs.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Some farms also run elaborate international Ponzi schemes, selling the same fish to multiple clients around the globe.
</p>
<h4 style="font-size: 17px; height: 100%; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding-top: 8px;">
<strong>
The supply chain
</strong>
</h4>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Rather than go directly to customers, many farms in Southeast Asia sell in bulk to dealers in other countries.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Among these dealers is
<strong>
David Carr
</strong>
, who runs
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Planet Arowana
</u>
</a>
, a 100-tank speciality fish shop in London.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="arowana babies" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Fcarr.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
David Carr displays a fresh harvest of Asian arowana babies in Malaysia, 2017. (Image via David Carr)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Carr, a 41-year-old ex-chef, first got into fish at 17. What began with guppies in a small glass bowl soon evolved into a school of African Cichlids in an 8-foot tank.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
One day, he asked himself:
<em>
“What is the most prestigious, most sought-after, most beautiful fish on the planet?”
</em>
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“I learned about the Asian arowana and became obsessed,” he says. “There’s nothing else like it. It’s the majestic dragon.”
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
The Londoner moved to Malaysia, where he spent a year learning everything he could about the fish from local breeders. While there, he set up his own 55’x30’ pond with investors.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
The process, he says, works like so:
</p>
<ul style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 12px;">
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
The pond is filled with
<strong>
20 arowana
</strong>
(6 males, 14 females).
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
At around 3 years of age, the fish “get jiggy.” Each female produces between
<strong>
10-80 eggs
</strong>
.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
Every 2-3 months, baby fish (called fingerlings) are harvested.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
The fish are shipped to the UK and sold at ~4-6 months of age for between
<strong>
$300
</strong>
and
<strong>
$4k+
</strong>
each.
</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In captivity, Asian arowana can live for 25+ years, making the recurring cycle appealing to investors.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“It can be very lucrative if you do it right,” Carr told us. “People who invest $50k-$100k in Asian arowana ponds definitely get their return back.”
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Carr sells his arowana to buyers all over the world. In recent years, he says demand has expanded from Asia to the Western world.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“As soon as someone sees the Asian arowana, they fall in love,” he says. “When aquarists want one
<em>
belter
</em>
of a fish — the crème de la crème — they [trade] up and get one.”
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="Asian arowana color variations" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Fcolors.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
A few Asian arowana color variations: Super Red, 24k Gold, and Platinum. (Collage, via photos from Getty Images)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
<strong>
Glen Mickle
</strong>
, a 32-year-old carpenter who lives in Alberta, Canada, where Asian arowana are legal, got into the fish 6 years ago at a local auction.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
He started out with an
<strong>
$800
</strong>
Blue Base Golden Crossback which he named “Einstein.” Six months later, he splurged on a Super Red for
<strong>
$1k
</strong>
, then another, imported from Indonesia, for
<strong>
$1.7k
</strong>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“They’re my prizes,” he says of the fish.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Mickle created
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
United Arowana
</u>
</a>
, a private Facebook group for “arowana lovers” that boasts ~19k members. The community is one of many hubs — including the forums
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Arofanatics
</u>
</a>
and
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Monster Fish Keepers
</u>
</a>
— where Asian arowana enthusiasts talk shop.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
One topic comes up particularly often: The illegal nature of the fish in the United States.
</p>
<h4 style="font-size: 17px; height: 100%; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding-top: 8px;">
<strong>
The black market
</strong>
</h4>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
While Asian arowana are legally bought and sold in most international markets, buying and selling them is strictly prohibited in the US under the
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
Endangered Species Act
</u>
</a>
.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
But that hasn’t stopped Americans — or breeders in Asia — from attempting to create their own underground fish pipeline.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“I know about 10 people in the US who own Asian arowana,” Mickle told us. “I would say it’s a lot more common than people think. It’s just not [talked about] as much, for obvious reasons.”
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="Asian arowana art" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Fshare2.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
The Hustle
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
The Fish and Wildlife Service has commandeered no shortage of Asian arowana busts over the past decade:
</p>
<ul style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 12px;">
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
In
<a style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
2010
</u>
</a>
, 7 people were arrested in Los Angeles for attempting to smuggle in 12 juvenile Asian arowana from Indonesia.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
In
<a style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
2011
</u>
</a>
, a 49-year-old Chinese food delivery driver was caught trying to import 16 fish from Malaysia to NYC in a suitcase.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
In
<a style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
2014
</u>
</a>
, two men in San Diego were caught with 13 of the fish, which they were trying to sell on Craigslist for $2.8k each.
</li>
<li style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 0 0 0 15px; padding: 0px;">
In
<a style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
2018
</u>
</a>
, a Chicago chef was busted for trying to buy 24 Asian arowana for his home aquarium.
</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Most often, perpetrators receive a sentence of probation and fines of between $5k and $15k — a small fee to pay for the potential upside of such underground operations.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In one
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
case
</u>
</a>
, a smuggler paid a Vietnamese farmer $6.6k for 16 Asian arowana (
<strong>
$412 each
</strong>
) and sold for them in the US for
<strong>
$1.9k a pop
</strong>
— a profit margin of 78%.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Setting up a deal like this requires secretive communication between smugglers in Southeast Asia and buyers in the US.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Both parties are well aware of the high stakes.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
A transaction between
<strong>
Shawn Lee
</strong>
(a 29-year-old from Garden Grove, California) and
<strong>
Mickey Tanadi
</strong>
(a breeder from Jakarta, Indonesia) began with the following
<a style="-webkit-text-fill-color: #d62829; color: #d62829; text-decoration: none;">
<u style="color: #d62829; text-decoration: none; underline: none;">
exchange
</u>
</a>
over an international texting app:
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="message exchange" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsailthru-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fcomposer%252Fimages%252Fsailthru-prod-6ks%252Ftext4.jpg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzYWlsdGhydS1tZSJ9:1l3dqx:cfnBIlFZkvLU_s1bpt9uwdzz-9a7r8wdd0F0LkRcMjw" style="height: auto; max-width: 600px; padding-top: 10px; width: 100%;" width="600"/>
<p style="color: #5f696c; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 8px 5px 20px;">
A recreation of exact texts exchanged between Lee (blue) and Tanadi (gray) in 2017, via US District Court filings (The Hustle)
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h2020 ignore-defaults" style="padding: 0px 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
Lee sent Tanadi a wire transfer for $2,550.
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
In turn, Tanadi secured 8 Asian arowana in water-filled plastic bags hidden inside ceramic pots. He shipped them to the US via DHL with a final text that may as well have been addressed to the fish themselves:
</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 140%; margin: 5px 0px 10px;">
“...Don’t get caught.”
</p>
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3 years, 11 months ago - news@thehustle.co
The crazy market for the world’s most expensive pet fish
Certain specimens of the endangered Asian arowana have fetched up to $300k at auction. How did a ...