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<html>
 <head>
  <meta charset="utf-8"/>
  <title>
   Toward a better media system
  </title>
  <style>
   @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) {
  .typography .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  .typography.editor .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  .typography .markup table.kindle-wrapper img,
  .typography.editor .markup table.kindle-wrapper img {
    max-width: 550px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography.editor .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography.editor .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .typography .markup div.tiktok-wrap,
  .typography.editor .markup div.tiktok-wrap {
    width: calc(95vw - 32px);
    height: calc((95vw - 32px - 2px) / 0.485714);
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography.editor .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography.editor .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button {
    padding: 10px 12px;
    min-width: 110px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet {
    padding: 12px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four {
    height: 200px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img {
    max-height: 180px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .apple-podcast-container,
  .typography.editor .markup .apple-podcast-container {
    width: unset;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img {
    margin: 0 auto 16px auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 420px) and (max-width: 600px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    max-width: calc(100% - 100px);
    width: initial;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    text-align: center;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link {
    margin-top: 16px;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container {
    height: 38px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container a.comment {
    height: 38px;
    line-height: 38px;
    padding-right: 10px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  .share-button-container .separator {
    display: block;
    margin: 0;
    height: 8px;
    border-left: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  .share-button-container a.share.first img {
    padding-left: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container a.mobile {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .social-media-share-preview__description {
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 1000px) {
  .congrats-box {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  .congrats-box .congrats-box-right {
    margin-left: 38px;
    margin-top: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  .congrats-box {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .settings-add-pub-modal-wrapper .container .add-recommending-pub-modal-container {
    padding: 36px;
    height: 680px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .settings-add-pub-modal-wrapper .container .add-recommending-pub-modal-container .footer {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 36px;
    margin: 0px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 840px) {
  .header-with-anchor-widget .header-anchor-widget,
  .header-anchor-container .header-anchor-widget {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .post {
    padding: 32px 0 0 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-header .post-label {
    margin-top: 8px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-header .meta-author-wrap.alternative-meta .meta-right-column .post-meta {
    margin-top: 6px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .footer-facepile-container {
    height: 64px;
    padding: 0 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-footer.use-separators {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-footer.next-prev {
    height: 64px;
    justify-content: space-between;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-table {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-table-row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-userhead-cell,
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-cell {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-cell {
    flex-grow: 1;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-table {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-table-row {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-copy-cell,
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls-cell {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-copy-cell {
    margin: 0 0 16px 0;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls-cell {
    width: auto;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls {
    margin: auto;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls .button.primary {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-text {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .post-silhouette {
    padding: 16px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-title {
    margin-top: 10.44225025px;
    height: 120px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-meta {
    width: 75%;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-meta.with-byline-image {
    margin: 20px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item {
    padding-right: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item.guest-author-publication,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item.guest-author-publication {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button {
    height: 36px !important;
  }
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button .meta-button-label {
    display: none;
  }
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button > svg {
    margin-right: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .post-meta .post-meta-item {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-preview .post-preview-content .post-preview-meta {
    margin-top: 12px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-preview .post-preview-image {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-preview-silhouette .post-preview-silhouette-image {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .floating-subscribe-button {
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
  }
}


@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) {
  body .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  body .markup table.kindle-wrapper img {
    max-width: 550px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  body .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  body .markup div.tiktok-wrap {
    width: calc(95vw - 32px);
    height: calc((95vw - 32px - 2px) / 0.485714);
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  body .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  body .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button {
    padding: 10px 12px;
    min-width: 110px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet {
    padding: 12px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four {
    height: 200px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img {
    max-height: 180px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .apple-podcast-container {
    width: unset;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img {
    margin: 0 auto 16px auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 420px) and (max-width: 600px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    max-width: calc(100% - 100px);
    width: initial;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    text-align: center;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 600px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link {
    margin-top: 16px;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  body .header a.logo {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 8px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 420px) {
  body .subscription-receipt table:first-of-type .subscription-amount .subscription-discount {
    width: 72px !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  body .share-button-container {
    height: auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  body .share-button-container .separator {
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    height: 8px !important;
    border-left: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .digest .item .post-meta-item.audience {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  .digest-publication .logo img {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 4px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .comments-page .container .comment-list .collapsed-reply {
    margin-left: 17px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .comment > .comment-list {
    padding-left: 25px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .finish-magic-login-modal .modal-content .container {
    padding: 24px 0;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .reader2-text-b3 {
    line-height: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .reader2-text-h4 {
    line-height: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .user-profile-modal {
    padding-left: 12px;
    padding-right: 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .subscribe-widget form.form .sideBySideWrap button.rightButton {
    padding: 10px 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .pub-icon:hover .logo-hover,
  .feed-item-icon:hover .logo-hover {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button-wrapper {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 16px;
  }
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button-wrapper:empty {
    display: none;
  }
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper-editor {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper-editor:active {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media only screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .file-embed-button.wide,
  .file-embed-error-button.wide {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media only screen and (min-width: 630px) {
  .file-embed-button.narrow,
  .file-embed-error-button.narrow {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player {
    min-width: 500px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player .audio-player-progress {
    border-left-width: 16px;
    border-right-width: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player .audio-player-progress .audio-player-progress-bar .audio-player-progress-bar-popup {
    top: -54px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-progress {
    border-left-width: 16px;
    border-right-width: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-progress .audio-player-progress-bar .audio-player-progress-bar-popup {
    top: -54px;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 250px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player {
    padding: 32px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: flex;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:last-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 300px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 350px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-substack-logo {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-title {
    margin-top: 16px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 15%;
    width: 15%;
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-substack-logo {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 350px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 25%;
    width: 25%;
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: flex;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 400px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 40%;
    width: 40%;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 400px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    margin-top: 12px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button {
    font-size: 13px;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    height: auto;
    margin-top: 10px;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 55%;
    width: 55%;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-editor-modal {
    min-width: calc(100% - 20px);
  }
}


@media (max-width: 750px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-anchor-target .poll-anchor-copy-button {
    left: 8px;
    top: 45px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-table .modal-row .modal-content > .container {
    width: 552px;
    padding: 26px 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-table .modal-row .modal-content > .container {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-row .modal-cell .modal-exit-btn {
    margin-right: -20px;
  }
}
  </style>
 </head>
 <body class="email-body" style="font-kerning: auto;">
  <img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fmailgun.substack.com%252Fapi%252Fv1%252Femail%252Fopen%253Ftoken%253DeyJtIjoiPDIwMjMwNTEwMTcwMTAxLjMuNDJiYmM4MmViOGVjYWMwNkBtZy1kMC5zdWJzdGFjay5jb20-IiwidSI6MTU2NTY1OTMsInIiOiJhM2VjOTJiZUB1aWZlZWQuY29tIiwiZCI6Im1nLWQwLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbSIsInAiOjEyMDQwNTY4NSwidCI6Im5ld3NsZXR0ZXIiLCJhIjoiZXZlcnlvbmUiLCJzIjoxLCJjIjoicG9zdCIsImYiOnRydWUsInBvc2l0aW9uIjoidG9wIiwiaWF0IjoxNjgzNzM4MDkxLCJleHAiOjE2ODYzMzAwOTEsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0wIiwic3ViIjoiZW8ifQ.J4XAHNHwWFEPnh4fsthUdP_1nqRECGkmR0Ydo2NVXlI/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZtYWlsZ3VuLnN1YiJ9:1pwnC2:iXIDbeQMB2HcOWxXPf36i-srfUtBOYYDqoRA3oVA5NI" style="height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-width:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;" width="1"/>
  <img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Feotrx.substackcdn.com%252Fopen%253Ftoken%253DeyJtIjoiPDIwMjMwNTEwMTcwMTAxLjMuNDJiYmM4MmViOGVjYWMwNkBtZy1kMC5zdWJzdGFjay5jb20-IiwidSI6MTU2NTY1OTMsInIiOiJhM2VjOTJiZUB1aWZlZWQuY29tIiwiZCI6Im1nLWQwLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbSIsInAiOjEyMDQwNTY4NSwidCI6Im5ld3NsZXR0ZXIiLCJhIjoiZXZlcnlvbmUiLCJzIjoxLCJjIjoicG9zdCIsImYiOnRydWUsInBvc2l0aW9uIjoidG9wIiwiaWF0IjoxNjgzNzM4MDkxLCJleHAiOjE2ODYzMzAwOTEsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0wIiwic3ViIjoiZW8ifQ.J4XAHNHwWFEPnh4fsthUdP_1nqRECGkmR0Ydo2NVXlI/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZlb3RyeC5zdWJzdCJ9:1pwnC2:vNCrHRLtQQby20PyK5vVrXuk57HyCvxay17MjuoQAXQ" style="height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-width:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;" width="1"/>
  <div class="preview" style="display:none;font-size:1px;color:#333333;line-height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;">
   You can’t rely on social media.  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌
  </div>
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    <td align="left" class="content" width="550">
     <div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 550px; overflow-wrap: break-word; width: 100%;">
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            <span class="tw-font-body tw-text-ssm tw-text-substack-secondary" style="color: #808080 !important; font-family: SF Pro Text, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol !important; font-size: 13px !important;">
             <a class="tw-text-substack-secondary tw-underline" style="-webkit-text-decoration-line: underline !important; color: #808080 !important; text-decoration-line: underline !important;">
              Open in app
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             or
             <a class="tw-text-substack-secondary tw-underline" style="-webkit-text-decoration-line: underline !important; color: #808080 !important; text-decoration-line: underline !important;">
              online
             </a>
            </span>
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       <div class="post-header" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px;">
        <h1 class="post-title published" style="-moz-osx-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; color: #404040; font-family: Lora,sans-serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 36px; margin: 0;">
         <a style="color: #404040; text-decoration: none;">
          Toward a better media system
         </a>
        </h1>
        <h3 class="subtitle" style="-moz-osx-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; color: #808080; font-family: 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 4px 0 0; margin-top: 12px;">
         You can’t rely on social media
        </h3>
        <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="post-meta" role="presentation" style="align-items: center; height: 20px; margin: 1em 0;" width="100%">
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                 <div class="pencraft frontend-pencraft-Box-module__reset--tAIEo frontend-pencraft-Text-module__size-11--1-ofT frontend-pencraft-Text-module__line-height-20--1soeQ frontend-pencraft-Text-module__weight-medium--aTbx5 frontend-pencraft-Text-module__font-meta--2i-cR frontend-pencraft-Text-module__color-primary--2I-sF frontend-pencraft-Text-module__transform-uppercase--38jbr frontend-pencraft-Text-module__reset--20JLV frontend-pencraft-Text-module__meta--3RRSj custom-css-email-post-author" style="color: #404040; font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, -apple-system, -system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset; text-transform: uppercase;">
                  <a class="pencraft frontend-pencraft-Box-module__reset--tAIEo frontend-pencraft-Text-module__size-11--1-ofT frontend-pencraft-Text-module__line-height-20--1soeQ frontend-pencraft-Text-module__weight-medium--aTbx5 frontend-pencraft-Text-module__font-meta--2i-cR frontend-pencraft-Text-module__color-primary--2I-sF frontend-pencraft-Text-module__transform-uppercase--38jbr frontend-pencraft-Text-module__reset--20JLV frontend-pencraft-Text-module__meta--3RRSj" style="color: #404040; font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, -apple-system, -system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   Chris Best
                  </a>
                  ,
                  <a class="pencraft frontend-pencraft-Box-module__reset--tAIEo frontend-pencraft-Text-module__size-11--1-ofT frontend-pencraft-Text-module__line-height-20--1soeQ frontend-pencraft-Text-module__weight-medium--aTbx5 frontend-pencraft-Text-module__font-meta--2i-cR frontend-pencraft-Text-module__color-primary--2I-sF frontend-pencraft-Text-module__transform-uppercase--38jbr frontend-pencraft-Text-module__reset--20JLV frontend-pencraft-Text-module__meta--3RRSj" style="color: #404040; font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, -apple-system, -system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   Hamish McKenzie
                  </a>
                  , and
                  <a class="pencraft frontend-pencraft-Box-module__reset--tAIEo frontend-pencraft-Text-module__size-11--1-ofT frontend-pencraft-Text-module__line-height-20--1soeQ frontend-pencraft-Text-module__weight-medium--aTbx5 frontend-pencraft-Text-module__font-meta--2i-cR frontend-pencraft-Text-module__color-primary--2I-sF frontend-pencraft-Text-module__transform-uppercase--38jbr frontend-pencraft-Text-module__reset--20JLV frontend-pencraft-Text-module__meta--3RRSj" style="color: #404040; font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, -apple-system, -system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   Jairaj Sethi
                  </a>
                 </div>
                </td>
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              </table>
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              <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
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                 <div class="pencraft frontend-pencraft-Box-module__reset--tAIEo frontend-pencraft-Text-module__size-11--1-ofT frontend-pencraft-Text-module__line-height-20--1soeQ frontend-pencraft-Text-module__weight-medium--aTbx5 frontend-pencraft-Text-module__font-meta--2i-cR frontend-pencraft-Text-module__color-secondary--XjVGl frontend-pencraft-Text-module__transform-uppercase--38jbr frontend-pencraft-Text-module__reset--20JLV frontend-pencraft-Text-module__meta--3RRSj" style="color: #808080; font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, -apple-system, -system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset; text-transform: uppercase;">
                  <time datetime="2023-05-10T17:01:21.330Z">
                   May 10
                  </time>
                 </div>
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               <img class="custom-css-email-avatar frontend-email-system-basics-module__avatar--1sRIo" height="32" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Ff_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F00a00f9d-bc29-4dd6-b7c7-f557639c1eea_2602x2612.jpeg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; border-radius: 500000px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 32px; margin: 0px; max-width: 550px; min-height: 32px; min-width: 32px; object-fit: cover; vertical-align: middle; width: 32px;" width="32"/>
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               <img class="custom-css-email-avatar frontend-email-system-basics-module__avatar--1sRIo" height="32" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Ff_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F4b374f38-9648-4fcc-835f-84465804db34_5184x2912.jpeg/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; border-radius: 500000px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 32px; margin: 0px; max-width: 550px; min-height: 32px; min-width: 32px; object-fit: cover; vertical-align: middle; width: 32px;" width="32"/>
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              <a>
               <img class="custom-css-email-avatar frontend-email-system-basics-module__avatar--1sRIo" height="32" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Ff_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F74f36938-88ca-48c1-bae3-a3e40236d49a_1000x1000.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; border-radius: 500000px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 32px; margin: 0px; max-width: 550px; min-height: 32px; min-width: 32px; object-fit: cover; vertical-align: middle; width: 32px;" width="32"/>
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                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideHeart%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
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                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideComments%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
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                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FNoteForwardIcon%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiJ9:1pwnC2:Y6wE_5rPkGaY4ulKa7Tz-IFp5m1Im8GbUY5OySMp-fc" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
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                     <div class="email-button-spacer" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; max-width: 0; min-height: 18px; vertical-align: middle;">
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                      Share
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         <span>
          In the last few weeks, following the launch of
         </span>
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          Notes
         </a>
         <span>
          , Twitter has chosen to restrict writers’ ability to share their work by hiding Substack previews and limiting the distribution of Substack links. It has also cut Substack off from its API, which means writers can no longer embed tweets in their posts. We are deeply disappointed by Twitter’s actions and have been trying to resolve the issue (unsuccessfully so far). We badly wish writers weren’t in this position. Writers should be able to share their work freely on Twitter and any other social network, wherever their readers may be. This is a challenging moment for writers who have used Twitter to help build their audience and who now find they need to revise their strategies.
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        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
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          At the same time, we recognize that—fair or not—this was probably inevitable. Twitter’s actions are part of a well-established history of social media platforms limiting writers’ and creators’ ability to share their work. Ad-based social platforms want writers’ and creators’ audiences glued to their feeds, and they design their products to keep them from leaving. In 2012,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: #404040; text-decoration: underline;">
          Twitter stopped embedding Instagram posts
         </a>
         <span>
          after Facebook acquired the photo-sharing app. Today, Facebook
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: #404040; text-decoration: underline;">
          deprioritizes links
         </a>
         <span>
          that take people away from its feed. Google
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: #404040; text-decoration: underline;">
          prioritizes YouTube search results
         </a>
         <span>
          over TikTok and Vimeo. While Twitter has now come for writers on Substack, it is extremely likely that we won’t be the last publishing platform to receive this treatment.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          Substack was created in direct response to this kind of behavior by social media companies. Writers cannot build sustainable businesses if their connection to their audience depends on unreliable platforms that frequently change what you see or what partners they prioritize. That world is built on shaky foundations that are crumbling all around us. You need only look at the fates of
         </span>
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          BuzzFeed
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
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          Mic
         </a>
         <span>
          , and
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: #404040; text-decoration: underline;">
          Upworthy
         </a>
         <span>
          to see what happens when a media business over-relies on social platforms. That history demonstrates why it was so important to establish that any publisher who uses Substack retains ownership of all their content and their relationship with their audience.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
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          Of course, for writers to realize the impact they seek for their work, they need ways for readers to find them. One compelling path is for actual humans, loving their work, to share it with other actual humans—by email, word of mouth, or in conversation over drinks about a new writer they’ve found who’s changing their entire worldview. That peer-to-peer support is the foundation Substack is built on, and it’s why we’ve
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          invested so much in SEO
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          —to make sure the people who would love your work most can find it. But we also know there are many ways these behaviors can be amplified.
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         <span>
          For the past year, we have been building tools for writers to
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          grow their audience and business
         </a>
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          without needing to rely on social platforms. In the Substack network, the major growth drivers are not opaque algorithms that reward viral content, but the writers and creators themselves. Our top growth features include
         </span>
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          Recommendations
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          , through which writers can promote other writers, and
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         <a rel="" style="color: #404040; text-decoration: underline;">
          Notes
         </a>
         <span>
          , through which anyone can post their work and where readers can find new writers to fall in love with. While we’re still in the early days with these features, the Substack network already drives 20% of paid subscriptions across the platform. A year ago, that figure was 8%.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         Meanwhile, Twitter’s share of Substack traffic, already relatively small, has been waning since even before its recent actions. At the start of the year, Twitter on average drove less than 3% of all views across Substack. Today, it accounts for less than 2%.
        </p>
        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          To be clear: we encourage writers to publish on any platform they choose so they can raise their profile and engage with ideas, or even just because they enjoy it. But writers cannot
         </span>
         <em>
          rely
         </em>
         <span>
          on those platforms. To become independent, they need the direct connection with their audience that the Substack model provides. And fortunately, the growth benefits of the Substack ecosystem already far outweigh the benefits from sharing links on social media.
         </span>
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        <p style="color: #404040; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         While we have no say over how social media companies treat writers and creators from this point on, we can commit to continuing to build a strong, reliable platform that not only provides great publishing and growth tools but also puts writers’ needs first. Our business depends on it.
        </p>
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          Our mission of
         </span>
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          building a new economic engine for culture
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          is a long-term project. It can be achieved only in partnership with writers and creators, and with real, steady gains that can’t be undone by a third party. In the Substack ecosystem, writers can focus on what they do best: producing great writing that earns readers’ respect and support. For our part, we’ll focus on creating a platform that makes everything else—from starting to managing to growing an independent media business—simple and powerful.
         </span>
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         Thank you for your trust, patience, and continued support of independent writers and a better media system for us all.
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