Inboxes

Create an inbox to save and track emails. It's free!

+New inbox

<html>
 <head>
  <meta charset="utf-8"/>
  <title>
   Write it, then read it aloud
  </title>
  <style>
   @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) {
  .typography .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  .typography.editor .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  .typography .markup table.kindle-wrapper img,
  .typography.editor .markup table.kindle-wrapper img {
    max-width: 550px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography.editor .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen,
  .typography.editor .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .typography .markup div.tiktok-wrap,
  .typography.editor .markup div.tiktok-wrap {
    width: calc(95vw - 32px);
    height: calc((95vw - 32px - 2px) / 0.485714);
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  .typography.editor .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography.editor .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  .typography.editor .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button {
    padding: 10px 12px;
    min-width: 110px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet {
    padding: 12px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  .typography .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four {
    height: 200px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img {
    max-height: 180px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description,
  .typography.editor .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .typography .markup .apple-podcast-container,
  .typography.editor .markup .apple-podcast-container {
    width: unset;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img {
    margin: 0 auto 16px auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 420px) and (max-width: 600px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    max-width: calc(100% - 100px);
    width: initial;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    text-align: center;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .typography .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link,
  .typography.editor .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link {
    margin-top: 16px;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container {
    height: 38px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container a.comment {
    height: 38px;
    line-height: 38px;
    padding-right: 10px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  .share-button-container .separator {
    display: block;
    margin: 0;
    height: 8px;
    border-left: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  .share-button-container a.share.first img {
    padding-left: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  .share-button-container a.mobile {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .settings-add-pub-modal-wrapper .container .add-recommending-pub-modal-container {
    padding: 36px;
    height: 680px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .settings-add-pub-modal-wrapper .container .add-recommending-pub-modal-container .footer {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 36px;
    margin: 0px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 840px) {
  .header-with-anchor-widget .header-anchor-widget,
  .header-anchor-container .header-anchor-widget {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .post {
    padding: 32px 0 0 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-header .post-label {
    margin-top: 8px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-header .meta-author-wrap.alternative-meta .meta-right-column .post-meta {
    margin-top: 6px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .footer-facepile-container {
    height: 64px;
    padding: 0 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-footer.use-separators {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .post-footer.next-prev {
    height: 64px;
    justify-content: space-between;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-table {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-table-row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-userhead-cell,
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-cell {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-cell {
    flex-grow: 1;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-table {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-body-table-row {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-copy-cell,
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls-cell {
    display: block;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-copy-cell {
    margin: 0 0 16px 0;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls-cell {
    width: auto;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls {
    margin: auto;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-controls .button.primary {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .post-contributor-footer .post-contributor-bio-text {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .post-silhouette {
    padding: 32px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-title {
    margin-top: 10.44225025px;
    height: 120px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-meta {
    width: 75%;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-silhouette .post-silhouette-meta.with-byline-image {
    margin: 20px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item {
    padding-right: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .use-theme-bg .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item.guest-author-publication,
  .post-meta.alternative-meta .post-meta-item.guest-author-publication {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button {
    height: 36px !important;
  }
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button .meta-button-label {
    display: none;
  }
  .post-meta .post-meta-item .post-meta-button > svg {
    margin-right: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  .post-meta .post-meta-item {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post .floating-subscribe-button {
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
  }
}


@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) {
  body .markup table.image-wrapper img,
  body .markup table.kindle-wrapper img {
    max-width: 550px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.youtube-inner div.youtube-screen,
  body .markup div.vimeo-inner div.youtube-screen {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 370px) {
  body .markup div.tiktok-wrap {
    width: calc(95vw - 32px);
    height: calc((95vw - 32px - 2px) / 0.485714);
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.embedded-publication-wrap .embedded-publication.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe,
  body .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe {
    padding: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup div.subscription-widget-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button,
  body .markup div.captioned-button-wrap .subscription-widget.show-subscribe .subscription-widget-subscribe .button {
    padding: 10px 12px;
    min-width: 110px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet {
    padding: 12px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.two,
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.three,
  body .markup .tweet .tweet-photos-container.four {
    height: 200px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-img {
    max-height: 180px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .tweet a.expanded-link .expanded-link-description {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  body .markup .apple-podcast-container {
    width: unset;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed img.install-substack-app-embed-img {
    margin: 0 auto 16px auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 420px) and (max-width: 600px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    max-width: calc(100% - 100px);
    width: initial;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 420px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-text {
    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    text-align: center;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 600px) {
  body .markup .install-substack-app-embed .install-substack-app-embed-link {
    margin-top: 16px;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  body .header a.logo {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 420px) {
  body .subscription-receipt table:first-of-type .subscription-amount .subscription-discount {
    width: 72px !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 481px) {
  body .share-button-container {
    height: auto;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
  body .share-button-container .separator {
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    height: 8px !important;
    border-left: none !important;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .digest .item .post-meta-item.audience {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  .digest-publication .logo img {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 8px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .comments-page .container .comment-list .collapsed-reply {
    margin-left: calc(10 + 32px - 24px);
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .comment > .comment-list {
    padding-left: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .finish-magic-login-modal .modal-content .container {
    padding: 24px 0;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .reader2-text-b3 {
    line-height: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .reader2-text-h4 {
    line-height: 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .user-profile-modal {
    padding-left: 12px;
    padding-right: 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .subscribe-widget form.form .sideBySideWrap button.rightButton {
    padding: 10px 12px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .pub-icon:hover .logo-hover,
  .feed-item-icon:hover .logo-hover {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button-wrapper {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 16px;
  }
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button-wrapper:empty {
    display: none;
  }
  .post-ufi.single-full-width-button .post-ufi-button {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper-editor {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .file-embed-wrapper-editor:active {
    padding: 0;
  }
}


@media only screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .file-embed-button.wide,
  .file-embed-error-button.wide {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media only screen and (min-width: 630px) {
  .file-embed-button.narrow,
  .file-embed-error-button.narrow {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player {
    min-width: 500px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player .audio-player-progress {
    border-left-width: 16px;
    border-right-width: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper .audio-player .audio-player-progress .audio-player-progress-bar .audio-player-progress-bar-popup {
    top: -54px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-progress {
    border-left-width: 16px;
    border-right-width: 16px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-progress .audio-player-progress-bar .audio-player-progress-bar-popup {
    top: -54px;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 250px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player {
    padding: 32px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: flex;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:last-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 300px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 350px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-substack-logo {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-title {
    margin-top: 16px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 15%;
    width: 15%;
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-substack-logo {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 350px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 25%;
    width: 25%;
    display: block;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    display: flex;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button:first-of-type {
    display: block;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 400px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 40%;
    width: 40%;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 400px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group {
    margin-top: 12px;
  }
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .btn-group .button {
    font-size: 13px;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    height: auto;
    margin-top: 10px;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .audio-player-wrapper-fancy .audio-player .audio-player-hero-image-container {
    padding-top: 55%;
    width: 55%;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-editor-modal {
    min-width: calc(100% - 20px);
  }
}


@media (max-width: 750px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-anchor-target .poll-anchor-copy-button {
    left: 8px;
    top: 45px;
  }
}


@media screen and (min-width: 541px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-table .modal-row .modal-content > .container {
    width: 552px;
    padding: 26px 24px;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-table .modal-row .modal-content > .container {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 650px) {
  .poll-embed .poll-wrapper.poll-web .poll-dialog .modal-row .modal-cell .modal-exit-btn {
    margin-right: -20px;
  }
}
  </style>
 </head>
 <body class="email-body" style="font-kerning: auto;">
  <img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Feotrx.substackcdn.com%252Fopen%253Ftoken%253DeyJtIjoiPDIwMjQwNDAzMTUwMjAyLjMuMmViY2IxMDMxY2M3N2YzMEBtZzIuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tPiIsInUiOjE1NjU2NTkzLCJyIjoiYTNlYzkyYmVAdWlmZWVkLmNvbSIsImQiOiJtZzIuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tIiwicCI6MTQyNDI2MjM4LCJ0IjoibmV3c2xldHRlciIsImEiOiJldmVyeW9uZSIsInMiOjEsImMiOiJwb3N0IiwiZiI6dHJ1ZSwicG9zaXRpb24iOiJ0b3AiLCJpYXQiOjE3MTIxNTY3MzQsImV4cCI6MTcxNDc0ODczNCwiaXNzIjoicHViLTAiLCJzdWIiOiJlbyJ9.Ccpe_wG4fHog9x6S2GOHeI8PAqWWc-WYGVEiKQElH4M/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZlb3RyeC5zdWJzdCIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQxODA2OH0:1rs2Bq:NDs0977y7PHDvhHStdfp48tGgnqJihqbxYCoZVP47EE" style="height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-width:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;" width="1"/>
  <div class="preview" style="display:none;font-size:1px;color:#333333;line-height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;">
   How publishers are getting closer to readers, and finding new ones, with just their voice
  </div>
  <div class="preview" style="display:none;font-size:1px;color:#333333;line-height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;">
   ͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­
  </div>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="email-body-container" role="presentation" width="100%">
   <tr>
    <td>
    </td>
    <td class="content" width="550">
    </td>
    <td>
    </td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>
    </td>
    <td align="left" class="content" width="550">
     <div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 550px; overflow-wrap: break-word; width: 100%;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="100%">
       <tr>
        <td align="right" style="height: 20px;">
         <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
          <tr>
           <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
            <span class="pencraft pc-reset _reset_13a18_1 tw-font-body tw-text-ssm tw-text-substack-secondary" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119) !important; font-family: SF Pro Text, -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol !important; font-size: 13px !important; list-style: none; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset;">
             <div class="pencraft pc-reset _align-right_13a18_16 _size-12_13a18_40 _reset_13a18_1" style="color: unset; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0; text-align: right; text-decoration: unset;">
              <span class="pencraft pc-reset _reset_13a18_1" style="color: unset; list-style: none; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset;" translated="">
               Forwarded this email?
               <a class="pencraft pc-reset _decoration-underline_13a18_282 _reset_13a18_1" style="color: unset; list-style: none; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset; text-decoration-line: underline;">
                Subscribe here
               </a>
               for more
              </span>
             </div>
            </span>
           </td>
          </tr>
         </table>
        </td>
       </tr>
      </table>
      <div class="post typography" dir="auto" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding: 16px 0 0 0;">
       <div class="post-header" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px;">
        <h1 class="post-title published" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-family: Lora,sans-serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 36px; margin: 0;">
         <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
          Write it, then read it aloud
         </a>
        </h1>
        <h3 class="subtitle" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: #808080; font-family: 'SF Pro Display', -apple-system-headline, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 4px 0 0; margin-top: 12px;">
         How writers and creators are getting closer to readers, and finding new ones, with their voice
        </h3>
        <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="post-meta custom" style="align-items: center; height: 20px; margin: 1em 0;">
         <tr>
          <td class="post-meta-item post-date" style="color: #808080; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; height: 14px; margin-right: 0; padding: 0px 12px 0px 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-top: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;" title="2024-04-03T15:05:16.863Z">
           <div class="pencraft pc-reset _color-secondary_13a18_186 _line-height-20_13a18_95 _font-meta_13a18_131 _size-11_13a18_35 _weight-medium_13a18_162 _transform-uppercase_13a18_239 _reset_13a18_1 _meta_13a18_439" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'SF Compact', -apple-system, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0; text-decoration: unset; text-transform: uppercase;">
            <time datetime="2024-04-03T15:05:16.863Z">
             Apr 3
            </time>
           </div>
          </td>
         </tr>
        </table>
        <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="email-ufi-2-top" role="presentation" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); min-width: 100%;" width="100%">
         <tr height="16">
          <td height="16" style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0;">
          </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
          <td>
           <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="100%">
            <tr>
             <td>
              <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
               <tr>
                <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
                 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="38">
                  <tr>
                   <td align="center">
                    <a class="email-icon-button" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; min-width: 38px; padding: 9px 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; width: 38px;">
                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideHeart%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQzMTE3MX0:1rs2Bq:vn86LeKdC72qc3F_XQT7HyF2jV8a2g4b3uSjvQLx898" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                    </a>
                   </td>
                  </tr>
                 </table>
                </td>
                <td style="min-width: 8px" width="8">
                </td>
                <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
                 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="38">
                  <tr>
                   <td align="center">
                    <a class="email-icon-button" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; min-width: 38px; padding: 9px 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; width: 38px;">
                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideComments%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQzMzkzfQ:1rs2Bq:AFiWHHQnmyD0rfIQqe_Rvc5v82QD4Ohmjyz0ZXn3v7Y" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                    </a>
                   </td>
                  </tr>
                 </table>
                </td>
                <td style="min-width: 8px" width="8">
                </td>
                <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
                 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="38">
                  <tr>
                   <td align="center">
                    <a class="email-icon-button" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; min-width: 38px; padding: 9px 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; width: 38px;">
                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideShare2%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQzNjQyNH0:1rs2Bq:oeqAui-rNhc5sG9hA2oLd9dj8-KTaB7-v-801aoMsIg" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                    </a>
                   </td>
                  </tr>
                 </table>
                </td>
                <td style="min-width: 8px" width="8">
                </td>
                <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
                 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="38">
                  <tr>
                   <td align="center">
                    <a class="email-icon-button" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; min-width: 38px; padding: 9px 0; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; width: 38px;">
                     <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FNoteForwardIcon%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQzODcyN30:1rs2Bq:QY70gZV56Wwy-apnt741XL6ctJOBGhgr0b4CzpV1JbM" style="border: none !important; max-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                    </a>
                   </td>
                  </tr>
                 </table>
                </td>
               </tr>
              </table>
             </td>
             <td align="right">
              <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
               <tr>
                <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
                 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
                  <tr>
                   <td align="center">
                    <a class="email-button-outline" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 12px; padding: 9px 14px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                     <div class="email-button-spacer" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; max-width: 0; min-height: 18px; vertical-align: middle;">
                     </div>
                     <span class="email-button-text" style="margin-right: 4px; vertical-align: middle;">
                      READ IN APP
                     </span>
                     <img alt="" class="icon text-icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideArrowUpRight%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ0MjA1M30:1rs2Bq:8b4j1J0jANh-YmuEtlJdre47SHmFbBnZ0ixtNMmGpmA" style="border: none !important; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; max-width: 18px; min-height: 18px; min-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                    </a>
                   </td>
                  </tr>
                 </table>
                </td>
               </tr>
              </table>
             </td>
            </tr>
           </table>
          </td>
         </tr>
         <tr height="16">
          <td height="16" style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0;">
          </td>
         </tr>
        </table>
       </div>
       <div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding-top: 16px;">
        <table class="voiceover-player-static tw-w-full tw-rounded-full tw-bg-substack-wash" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238) !important; border-radius: 9999px !important; width: 100% !important;">
         <tr>
          <td class="tw-text-center tw-font-meta tw-text-ssm tw-uppercase tw-text-substack-primary" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55) !important; font-family: SF Pro Text, SF Pro Text, -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol !important; font-size: 13px !important; text-align: center !important; text-transform: uppercase !important;">
           <a class="tw-block tw-w-full tw-p-4 tw-text-substack-primary _noUnderline_n3weu_23" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55) !important; display: block !important; padding: 1rem !important; text-decoration-line: none; width: 100% !important;">
            <img alt="" class="tw-w-max-4 tw-mr-2 tw-inline-block tw-h-auto tw-w-4 tw-align-middle" height="24" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_48%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FPlayIconRound%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D48%2526stroke%253D%252523FF7731%2526strokeWidth%253D3.6/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ0NDA2NX0:1rs2Bq:iVBCwvKC7YVcEf-ULPmKRuKXHn3nX34P8jkHj67kBbI" style="border: none !important; display: inline-block !important; height: auto !important; margin-right: 0.5rem !important; max-width: 24px; vertical-align: middle !important; width: 1rem !important;" width="24"/>
            <span class="voiceover-player-static-cta tw-align-middle" style="vertical-align: middle !important;">
             Listen to post · 6:36
            </span>
           </a>
          </td>
         </tr>
        </table>
       </div>
      </div>
      <div class="post typography" dir="auto" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding: 16px 0 0 0;">
       <div class="body markup" dir="auto" style="font-family: Lora,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: initial; width: 100%; word-break: break-word;">
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-top: 0;">
         <span>
          Within a day of recording her first narration of one of her recent Substack posts,
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Heather Cox Richardson
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          hit #2 on Apple’s U.S. podcast charts. The audio wasn’t really a podcast—it was a read-aloud of one of Heather’s beloved missives from
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          Letters from an American
         </a>
         <span>
          —but it enjoyed all the benefits of a podcast’s distribution. Using Substack’s tools, she disseminated the audio through the Substack app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and other players.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         The popular historian had long been reaching into her subscribers’ hearts with text, but now she had found a way to whisper in their ears.
        </p>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="1456">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="wide-image" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/668d3953-7fe1-434c-ba52-b71aaf2bc891_3024x1702.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":819,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1625265,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F668d3953-7fe1-434c-ba52-b71aaf2bc891_3024x1702.png"}' height="309.375" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_2912%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F668d3953-7fe1-434c-ba52-b71aaf2bc891_3024x1702.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ0NTU2N30:1rs2Bq:cQl3ukc1f1H02DseyWrjhfE4-nYr8xi4hYXE-636Qkc" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="550"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          Ever since we introduced a suite of audio tools in mid-2022, writers and creators have been using voiceovers to deepen their relationship with existing subscribers and reach new audiences. We’ve seen from our data that writers who have been augmenting their publications with audio or video in some way—whether that be a show that anchors their Substack or supplementary materials such as narrations—
         </span>
         <strong>
          grow their mailing lists and revenue
         </strong>
         <span>
         </span>
         <strong>
          2.5 times faster than publishers who don’t use audio or video
         </strong>
         <span>
          .
         </span>
        </p>
        <blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid #FF7731; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
         <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">
          <em>
           <strong>
            Read more:
           </strong>
           <span>
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            How do I add a voiceover to my Substack post?
           </a>
          </em>
         </p>
        </blockquote>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         But voiceovers can be so much more than a simple read-aloud. To inspire you to experiment with these audio tools, here are some examples of how writers and creators are using them to enhance their Substack.
        </p>
        <h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-family: 'SF Pro Display', -apple-system-headline, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;">
         <strong>
          Announcing your Substack with a personal touch
         </strong>
        </h3>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="382">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5baacee6-0aa8-4198-92c3-16df39b809c5_382x225.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":225,"width":382,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":11795,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5baacee6-0aa8-4198-92c3-16df39b809c5_382x225.png"}' height="225" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_382%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F5baacee6-0aa8-4198-92c3-16df39b809c5_382x225.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ0NzAwN30:1rs2Bq:3kN9FrLdDElKWo5hLGV_autDQ2XXV2_OOHx2DEiBxOk" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="382"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          When
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Stephen Fry
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          launched his Substack earlier this year, he treated new subscribers to a personal read-aloud of his introductory post, “
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          40 Years On
         </a>
         <span>
          .”
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Elizabeth Holmes
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , who writes about the British royals, did the same for her Substack announcement post for
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          So Many Thoughts
         </a>
         <span>
          . These audio announcements help readers become more familiar with the writer’s voice and build trust in the relationship.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Tim Denning
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , who writes about self-improvement, started
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          adding voiceovers
         </a>
         <span>
          to his posts after hearing Tim Ferriss and James Clear talk about the value of audio for writers. He says, “It makes my writing more personal when I read it out. [My readers] get to hear where the emphasis is, they hear me laugh, and it builds a deeper reader relationship.”
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         As a writer on Substack, you can add a voiceover retroactively, meaning you can do one now for your welcome post, even if it was published long ago. To do so, open the post you wish to edit, tap the headphones icon, and select Voiceover. You can either record your voiceover right then and there or upload a pre-recorded file.
        </p>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="316">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0f74a361-29d9-48e6-b6f1-10afc198c468_1120x636.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":636,"width":1120,"resizeWidth":316,"bytes":184101,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f74a361-29d9-48e6-b6f1-10afc198c468_1120x636.png"}' height="179.44285714285715" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_316%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F0f74a361-29d9-48e6-b6f1-10afc198c468_1120x636.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ0ODYzNn0:1rs2Bq:FUh8RxVLDl4FABSiGuoI3OKEDo_x5e-NWe5VP8nRbPg" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="316"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="1200">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="wide-image" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/899dbc34-df07-4b0d-b938-ae1998687850_1200x76.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":76,"width":1200,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":8737,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899dbc34-df07-4b0d-b938-ae1998687850_1200x76.png"}' height="34.833333333333336" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_2400%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F899dbc34-df07-4b0d-b938-ae1998687850_1200x76.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1MDMzNn0:1rs2Bq:DsmeJ5MUWAbxEigLvn6J7NF3sTe8991-syFjsm5Mnig" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="550"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-family: 'SF Pro Display', -apple-system-headline, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;">
         <strong>
          Reading an article or story aloud
         </strong>
        </h3>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="404">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4347dd4e-d30a-4ade-be00-ba3ecfeb2d31_404x227.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":227,"width":404,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":11664,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4347dd4e-d30a-4ade-be00-ba3ecfeb2d31_404x227.png"}' height="227" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_404%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F4347dd4e-d30a-4ade-be00-ba3ecfeb2d31_404x227.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1MTkzNX0:1rs2Bq:FsXBECN8pNOQKztyyYgWiFbSgvGIRjAq_AgCsNT5q-o" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="404"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          Many writers use voiceovers to read their posts aloud for subscribers—whether to narrate their
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          essay
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          advice column
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          news article
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          commentary
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          short story
         </a>
         <span>
          , or
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          poem
         </a>
         <span>
          —or they
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          employ an AI voice
         </a>
         <span>
          to do the read-aloud for them.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          For example, every morning,
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Callie Rhodes
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , a radio DJ, reads soulful short stories about nature and life on the Alaska-focused
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          Kodiak Crossing
         </a>
         <span>
          . Her creation pays homage to the character Chris-in-the-Morning from the cult-favorite TV show Northern Exposure. Check out
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          “Time’s Gentle Flow”
         </a>
         <span>
          to get the idea.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          These tools are particularly useful for subscribers who use the Substack mobile app (
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          available on iOS and Android
         </a>
         <span>
          ), from which they can play the audio while browsing other posts and comments. In email, the voiceover player appears at the top of the post. When a subscriber clicks on the player, they will be taken to the web browser or app to listen to the audio.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Samara Bay
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , a voice coach and author of
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          Permission to Speak
         </a>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          reads aloud her posts to subscribers
         </a>
         <span>
          and advocates for nurturing your own “unicorn” voice. She says, “Ever since I began adding voiceovers to my posts, I’ve gotten such encouraging notes from subscribers who love that I get all emotional when I speak my words. My favorite note was ‘I forgot this was not a private voice note, because it felt like you were speaking directly to me!’”
         </span>
        </p>
        <blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid #FF7731; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
         <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">
          <em>
           <strong>
            Read and listen to more:
           </strong>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “The Radical Act of Being Cool With Your Voice”
           </a>
          </em>
         </p>
        </blockquote>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         Here are some other examples of read-alouds, where listeners can better get to know the writers they already love or are just discovering:
        </p>
        <ul style="margin-top: 0; padding: 0;">
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Musician and poet
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Patti Smith
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            narrates
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “A Time of Gifts”
           </a>
           <span>
           </span>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Historian
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Florence H R Scott
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Researching the women of early medieval England on the web”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Author
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Sherman Alexie
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads his poem
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Rattled”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Comedian
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             James Breakwell
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Making the Cut”
           </a>
           <span>
           </span>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Software engineer
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Luca Rossi
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “How to Plan and Execute Software Projects”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Political commentator
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Robert B. Hubbell
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “No ordinary moment”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Dog-loving writer
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Andrew Knapp
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            reads
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Momo, Part V”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Best-selling novelist
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Evelyn Skye
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            presents
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “5 Questions with My Favorite Authors: Tess Sharpe”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Justin Barker
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            , producer and creator of The Most, narrates
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Behind ‘Howie’: 100% Handmade Kids TV”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
         <li style="margin: 8px 0 0 32px; mso-special-format: bullet;">
          <p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 4px;">
           <span>
            Slow-living writer
           </span>
           <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
            <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
             Shehzeen Rehman
            </a>
           </span>
           <span>
            voiceovers
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            “Breakfast Chats: Getting Back to Routines”
           </a>
          </p>
         </li>
        </ul>
        <h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-family: 'SF Pro Display', -apple-system-headline, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;">
         <strong>
          Bonus for subscribers
         </strong>
        </h3>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="448">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c7f385a0-25cd-4b52-b641-bf8a58b9073d_1920x1080.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":819,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":448,"bytes":62197,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7f385a0-25cd-4b52-b641-bf8a58b9073d_1920x1080.png"}' height="252" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_448%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252Fc7f385a0-25cd-4b52-b641-bf8a58b9073d_1920x1080.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1MzMzN30:1rs2Bq:MmfHzztoguLrbRt4_RVyTfAUOmPFJl-nSXs_iHzyQ2g" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="448"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         Writers often use voiceovers for bonus content, adding context or detail that wouldn’t otherwise be found in the regular post. This bonus content can also be used as a perk for paid subscribers. On Substack, you have the option to paywall a voiceover and keep the text of the post free, or you can have both the text and voiceover be only for paid subscribers.
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          For
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Experimental History
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          ’s
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Adam Mastroianni
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          voice is a key distinguishing factor of his publication
         </a>
         <span>
          . “Voiceovers bring me closer to my readers,” he says. “All text on the internet looks pretty much the same, but nobody’s voice sounds like mine.”
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          Adam started adding voiceovers after some readers said they wanted to share his posts with friends who only listen to podcasts. He thought: Why not reach people through their ears as well as their eyes?
         </span>
         <em>
         </em>
         <span>
          Adam uses skills from his work as a standup comedian to add asides, riffs, and performance aspects that don’t make it into the main text. “I get lots of comments from readers on things that are only in the voiceovers and not in the text, so I know that (a) people are listening, and (b) they like the little idiosyncrasies in the spoken version.”
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <span>
          There are other ways to bring voice to subscribers beyond the read-aloud. For example, journalism professor
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Jeremy Caplan
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , who reviews sites, apps, and features in
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Wonder Tools
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          ,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          uses a voiceover to give an overview of his posts to paid subscribers
         </a>
         <span>
          . TV writer
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Alan Sepinwall
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
          , who writes for Rolling Stone,
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          employs a voiceover artist to read his lively posts on TV and books
         </a>
         <span>
          . Former New York Times fashion critic
         </span>
         <span class="_mention_1qvs5_1" data-component-name="MentionStatic" style="background: #eeeeee; border-radius: 9999px; color: #404040; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 8px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">
          <a style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: none;">
           Cintra Wilson
          </a>
         </span>
         <span>
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          reads her offbeat culture stories aloud
         </a>
         <span>
          , and shares the context in which they were written.
         </span>
        </p>
        <blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid #FF7731; margin: 20px 0; padding: 0;">
         <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-left: 20px;">
          <em>
           <strong>
            Read more:
           </strong>
           <span>
           </span>
           <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
            Can I paywall a voiceover?
           </a>
          </em>
         </p>
        </blockquote>
        <h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; appearance: optimizelegibility; color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-family: 'SF Pro Display', -apple-system-headline, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0; position: relative;">
         <strong>
          Posting voiceovers to podcast players
         </strong>
        </h3>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          Heather Cox Richardson
         </a>
         <span>
          isn’t the only Substack writer creating a top podcast out of her read-aloud posts.
         </span>
         <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
          Laura Kennedy
         </a>
         <span>
          paywalls her read-alouds, which she sends out as podcast episodes instead of using the voiceover tool on a text post.
         </span>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         Adam of Experimental History endorses Laura’s approach as an effective way to reach new audiences: “The other day someone told me, ‘I was listening to The Daily in the shower, and right after the episode ended, you came on!’ If you can reach people when they’re naked, that’s pretty powerful.”
        </p>
        <div class="captioned-image-container-static" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px auto;">
         <figure style="margin: 0 auto; width: 100%;">
          <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="image-wrapper" data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic" style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;" width="100%">
           <tbody>
            <tr>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
             <td align="left" class="content" style="text-align: center;" width="1200">
              <a class="image-link" rel="" style="align-items: center; border: none; display: block; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">
               <img alt="" class="wide-image" data-attrs='{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1917c524-50a8-4001-9d8f-c3d9a68a0fe9_1200x76.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":76,"width":1200,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":8737,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://on.substack.com/i/142426238?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1917c524-50a8-4001-9d8f-c3d9a68a0fe9_1200x76.png"}' height="34.833333333333336" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_2400%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%252Fpublic%252Fimages%252F1917c524-50a8-4001-9d8f-c3d9a68a0fe9_1200x76.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1NDc0fQ:1rs2Bq:o7mM98Ojuk4AiFWXO8O4ttcJmWCsjb3arTs5VbO9eOw" style="-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; border: none !important; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: 100% !important; vertical-align: middle; width: auto !important;" width="550"/>
              </a>
             </td>
             <td style="text-align: center;">
             </td>
            </tr>
           </tbody>
          </table>
         </figure>
        </div>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0;">
         <em>
          Using voiceovers to great effect? Share more about your use of audio on Substack, in the comments.
         </em>
        </p>
        <p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs='{"url":"https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1&amp;post_id=142426238&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;comments=true&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxNTY1NjU5MywicG9zdF9pZCI6MTQyNDI2MjM4LCJpYXQiOjE3MTIxNTY3MzQsImV4cCI6MTcxNDc0ODczNCwiaXNzIjoicHViLTEiLCJzdWIiOiJwb3N0LXJlYWN0aW9uIn0.gp4V23IwA0X59C-NTAUkE9Tru5ikkY_MuU2OLgKmWTk&amp;r=9bkpd&amp;utm_campaign=email-half-magic-comments","text":"Leave a comment","action":null,"class":null}' data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; text-align: center;">
         <a class="button primary" rel="" style="background-color: #FF7731; border: none; border-radius: 8px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ffffff !important; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; height: auto; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 12px 20px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important; white-space: nowrap;">
          <span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none;">
           Leave a comment
          </span>
         </a>
        </p>
        <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-bottom: 0;">
         <em>
          In the coming weeks, we will be introducing more audio and video resources and tools for writers and creators. Stay tuned for a breakdown of business models for podcasters, use cases of Substack shows, and more.
         </em>
        </p>
       </div>
      </div>
      <div class="container-border" style="border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px 0 0; width: 100%;">
      </div>
      <div class="typography" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px;">
       <div class="postscript" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 32px 0;">
        <div class="body markup" dir="auto" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: initial; width: 100%; word-break: break-word;">
         <p style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-top: 0;">
          <em>
           Thanks for subscribing to
          </em>
          <a rel="" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); text-decoration: underline;">
           On Substack
          </a>
          <em>
           . This post is public, so feel free to share it.
          </em>
         </p>
         <p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs='{"url":"https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1&amp;post_id=142426238&amp;utm_source=substack&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_content=share&amp;utm_campaign=email-share&amp;action=share&amp;triggerShare=true&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=9bkpd&amp;token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxNTY1NjU5MywicG9zdF9pZCI6MTQyNDI2MjM4LCJpYXQiOjE3MTIxNTY3MzQsImV4cCI6MTcxNDc0ODczNCwiaXNzIjoicHViLTEiLCJzdWIiOiJwb3N0LXJlYWN0aW9uIn0.gp4V23IwA0X59C-NTAUkE9Tru5ikkY_MuU2OLgKmWTk","text":"Share","action":null,"class":null}' data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton" style="color: rgb(54, 55, 55); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0 0 20px 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center;">
          <a class="button primary" rel="" style="background-color: #FF7731; border: none; border-radius: 8px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ffffff !important; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; height: auto; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 12px 20px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important; white-space: nowrap;">
           <span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none;">
            Share
           </span>
          </a>
         </p>
        </div>
       </div>
      </div>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="email-ufi-2-bottom" role="presentation" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); min-width: 100%;" width="100%">
       <tr height="16">
        <td height="16" style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0;">
        </td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
        <td>
         <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="100%">
          <tr>
           <td>
            <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin: 0 auto;" width="auto">
             <tr>
              <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
               <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
                <tr>
                 <td align="center">
                  <a class="email-button-outline" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 12px; padding: 9px 14px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideHeart%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1NjI5NH0:1rs2Bq:OC6t5IdmsVwnhVcGnzYjxeVbR-NL7eToxw50OE75ogQ" style="border: none !important; margin-right: 8px; max-width: 18px; min-height: 18px; min-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                   <span class="email-button-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">
                    Like
                   </span>
                  </a>
                 </td>
                </tr>
               </table>
              </td>
              <td style="min-width: 8px" width="8">
              </td>
              <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
               <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
                <tr>
                 <td align="center">
                  <a class="email-button-outline" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 12px; padding: 9px 14px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FLucideComments%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1ODQ2fQ:1rs2Bq:IL4d-0pbgbORjbDfjjKonsLgwMZxLfHL8f9tXmT5NFs" style="border: none !important; margin-right: 8px; max-width: 18px; min-height: 18px; min-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                   <span class="email-button-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">
                    Comment
                   </span>
                  </a>
                 </td>
                </tr>
               </table>
              </td>
              <td style="min-width: 8px" width="8">
              </td>
              <td style="vertical-align: middle;">
               <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
                <tr>
                 <td align="center">
                  <a class="email-button-outline" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); border-radius: 9999px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 12px; padding: 9px 14px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;">
                   <img alt="" class="icon" height="18" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_36%252Cc_scale%252Cf_png%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Ficon%252FNoteForwardIcon%253Fv%253D4%2526height%253D36%2526fill%253Dnone%2526stroke%253D%252523808080%2526strokeWidth%253D2/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ1OTk4NH0:1rs2Bq:skHAR9A_JNMBK4MNB5NgfZRlVlqKPX5qJFmHj1MKEo4" style="border: none !important; margin-right: 8px; max-width: 18px; min-height: 18px; min-width: 18px; vertical-align: middle;" width="18"/>
                   <span class="email-button-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">
                    Restack
                   </span>
                  </a>
                 </td>
                </tr>
               </table>
              </td>
             </tr>
            </table>
           </td>
           <td align="right">
            <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation" width="auto">
             <tr>
             </tr>
            </table>
           </td>
          </tr>
         </table>
        </td>
       </tr>
       <tr height="16">
        <td height="16" style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0;">
        </td>
       </tr>
      </table>
      <div class="footer _footer_11ym1_1" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding: 24px 0; text-align: center;">
       <div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding-bottom: 24px;">
        <p class="pencraft pc-reset _color-secondary_13a18_186 _size-12_13a18_40 _reset_13a18_1 small _meta_11ym1_14" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding-bottom: 0; text-decoration: unset;">
         © 2024
         <span>
          Substack
         </span>
         <br/>
         548 Market Street PMB 72296, San Francisco, CA 94104
         <br/>
         <a style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); text-decoration: underline;">
          <span style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); text-decoration: underline;">
           Unsubscribe
          </span>
         </a>
        </p>
       </div>
       <p class="_footerSection_11ym1_5 small powered-by-substack" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0; margin-top: 0; padding: 0 24px; padding-bottom: 0;">
        <a style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; margin: 0 4px; text-decoration: none;">
         <img alt="Get the app" height="40" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_262%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Fimg%252Femail%252Fgeneric-app-button%25402x.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ2MTM3Mn0:1rs2Bq:02RmLe0OokAfSGHfxKi5IHm47g4JookdQyU0tG3SAYk" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_131,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fgeneric-app-button.png, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_262,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fgeneric-app-button%402x.png 2x, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_393,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fgeneric-app-button%403x.png 3x" style="border: none !important; max-width: 550px; vertical-align: middle;" width="131"/>
        </a>
        <a style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); display: inline-block; margin: 0 4px; text-decoration: none;">
         <img alt="Start writing" height="40" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Fsubstackcdn.com%252Fimage%252Ffetch%252Fw_270%252Cc_limit%252Cf_auto%252Cq_auto%253Agood%252Cfl_progressive%253Asteep%252Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fsubstack.com%252Fimg%252Femail%252Fpublish-button%25402x.png/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZzdWJzdGFja2NkbiIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ2MjYxNH0:1rs2Bq:1Arvuqq_91UaYjcrF_3AaKWvVba4CUSlPB-bxMbyXmA" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_135,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fpublish-button.png, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_270,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fpublish-button%402x.png 2x, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_405,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fimg%2Femail%2Fpublish-button%403x.png 3x" style="border: none !important; max-width: 550px; vertical-align: middle;" width="135"/>
        </a>
       </p>
      </div>
     </div>
    </td>
    <td>
    </td>
   </tr>
  </table>
  <img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Feotrx.substackcdn.com%252Fopen%253Ftoken%253DeyJtIjoiPDIwMjQwNDAzMTUwMjAyLjMuMmViY2IxMDMxY2M3N2YzMEBtZzIuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tPiIsInUiOjE1NjU2NTkzLCJyIjoiYTNlYzkyYmVAdWlmZWVkLmNvbSIsImQiOiJtZzIuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tIiwicCI6MTQyNDI2MjM4LCJ0IjoibmV3c2xldHRlciIsImEiOiJldmVyeW9uZSIsInMiOjEsImMiOiJwb3N0IiwiZiI6dHJ1ZSwicG9zaXRpb24iOiJib3R0b20iLCJpYXQiOjE3MTIxNTY3MzQsImV4cCI6MTcxNDc0ODczNCwiaXNzIjoicHViLTAiLCJzdWIiOiJlbyJ9.YxDBZntwv6D0fJPZ180GbKg6MSliUUj_qGMUXj4Yrpk/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZlb3RyeC5zdWJzdCIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ2NDQ1NX0:1rs2Bq:IFVN4RQywjkm8m7DJQgoGqXXmlFRSJTVzyuwbuqbUQo" style="height:1px !important;width:1px !important;border-width:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bottom:0 !important;padding-right:0 !important;padding-left:0 !important;" width="1"/>
  <img alt="" height="1px" src="https://inboxflows.com/_/image/https%253A%252F%252Femail.mg2.substack.com%252Fo%252FeJw8kEtu9CAQBk8zLC26AeNZcBaLRzM_-g1YPBL59lE8o2yr1aXS5-2gV22XOWsfLBgZYFMbIwMaENSqNTLKNh37iwo1OyjsdvxdheRasH-GInACCBCl2GD1z8gVxChA61UiIEsGOUouuQDFkeMiFiTnHXAB3msdBX9Inl-49On6sP7_4mtmqe-x0R1gRpvEfjN3O0Oi4snQF7Wrlg9OwYBEiSuK7U3GdZIp9N0PGoMaO6fbfc15ljSunYp1B4WPeLojeTtSLbeINWMF-Sc6ekg-UyQKd1KfLtRsUzG1sPHebXZq95da1aqe4icAAP__X05v6A/?inbox_flows_img_sig=eyJwYXRoIjoiaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZlbWFpbC5tZzIucyIsInRpbWUiOjE3MTIxNTY3NzQuOTQ2NjA2fQ:1rs2Bq:nbpeu9a7lGlBJblreDUFOUxQbYzBKQXLhZOrDO3kCdI" width="1px"/>
 </body>
</html>